=for timestamp
Mo Apr  3 16:31:01 CEST 2006

=head3 Sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen im Überblick

=begin comment

=for strukturformel
    1
   ´
R-C
   \
    H
[´] /\!/
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
   1
  ´
-C
  \
   H
[´] /\!/
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
    1
   ´
H-C
   \
    H
[´] /\!/
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} \text{H} & - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
1
 \
  C=o
 /
2
[o] \text{O}^\backslash_/
[1] \text{R}
[2] \text{R}_1

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {} \text{R} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \text{C} & = & \text{O}^\backslash_/ \\ {}  & / &  &  &  \\ {} \text{R}_1 &  &  &  &   \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
-C
/|\
   C=o
  /
-C
/|
[o] \text{O}^\backslash_/
[1] \text{R}
[2] \text{R}_1

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccccc} {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {} / & | & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \text{C} & = & \text{O}^\backslash_/ \\ {}  &  & / &  &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {} / & | &  &  &  &   \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
   1
 | ∥ |
-C-C-C-
 |   |
[1] ^/\text{O}^\backslash

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  & ^/\text{O}^\backslash &  &  &  \\ {}  & | &  & \vert\vert{} &  & | &  \\ {} - & \text{C} & - & \text{C} & - & \text{C} & - \\ {}  & | &  &  &  & | &   \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
    1
   ´
R-C
   \
    oH
[´] /\!/
[o] \overline{\underline{\text{O}}}
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & \text{H}  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
   1
  ´
-C
  \
   oH
[´] /\!/
[o] \overline{\underline{\text{O}}}
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & \text{H}  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
    1
   ´
R-C
   \
    o-2
[´] /\!/
[o] \overline{\underline{\text{O}}}
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|
[2] \text{R}_1

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  &  &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{R}_1  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
   1
  ´
-C
  \
   o-C-
[´] /\!/
[o] \overline{\underline{\text{O}}}
[1] \overline{\text{O}}|
[2] \text{R}_1

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  &  &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{C} & -  \end{array} >>>

=for strukturformel
     1
 |   ∥
-C-o-C-
 |
[o] \overline{\underline{\text{O}}}
[1] ^/\text{O}^\backslash

M<<< \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  &  &  & ^/\text{O}^\backslash &  \\ {}  & | &  &  &  & \vert\vert{} &  \\ {} - & \text{C} & - & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{C} & - \\ {}  & | &  &  &  &  &   \end{array} >>>

=end comment

=table Ver­bin­dungs­klas­se | Allgemeine Struk­tur | Funktionelle Gruppe | Beispiel
=row Alkanole | M<\text{R}{-}\overline{\underline{\text{O}}}\text{H}> |
M<{-}\overline{\underline{\text{O}}}{-}\text{H}> (Hydroxygruppe) |
M<\text{CH}_3{-}\text{OH}> (Methanol)
=row Ether | M<\text{R}{-}\overline{\underline{\text{O}}}{-}\text{R}_1> |
M<{-}\text{C}{-}\overline{\underline{\text{O}}}{-}\text{C}{-}> (Etherbrücke) |
M<\text{CH}_3{-}\overline{\underline{\text{O}}}{-}\text{CH}_3> (Dimethylether)
=row Alkanale | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array}> | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array}> (Carbonyl-/Al­de­hyd­grup­pe) | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  \\ {} \text{H} & - & \text{C} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \text{H}  \end{array}> (Methanal)
=row Alkanone | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {} \text{R} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \text{C} & = & \text{O}^\backslash_/ \\ {}  & / &  &  &  \\ {} \text{R}_1 &  &  &  &   \end{array}> | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccccc} {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {} / & | & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \text{C} & = & \text{O}^\backslash_/ \\ {}  &  & / &  &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {} / & | &  &  &  &   \end{array}> (Carbonyl-/Ke­to­grup­pe) | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  & ^/\text{O}^\backslash &  &  &  \\ {}  & | &  & \vert\vert{} &  & | &  \\ {} - & \text{C} & - & \text{C} & - & \text{C} & - \\ {}  & | &  &  &  & | &   \end{array}> (Propanon)
=row Carbonsäuren | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{cccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & \text{H}  \end{array}> | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & \text{H}  \end{array}> (Carboxygruppe) | M<\text{H}{-}\text{COOH}> (Methansäure)
=row Ester | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & /\!/ &  &  &  \\ {} \text{R} & - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \backslash{} &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{R}_1  \end{array}> | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  & \overline{\text{O}}| &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & /\!/ &  &  &  &  \\ {} - & \text{C} &  &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  & \backslash{} &  &  &  &  \\ {}  &  &  & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{C} & -  \end{array}> (Estergruppe) | M<\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt} \begin{array}{ccccccc} {}  &  &  &  &  & ^/\text{O}^\backslash &  \\ {}  & | &  &  &  & \vert\vert{} &  \\ {} - & \text{C} & - & \overline{\underline{\text{O}}} & - & \text{C} & - \\ {}  & | &  &  &  &  &   \end{array}> (Methylmethanoat)